Structuring the coaching process by layering information

This article is part of a series on coaching competencies, which explores core skills using real training footage and coach reflections. Each episode focuses on one specific technique that supports both player learning and coach development, brought to life through expert narration and guided video analysis.

In this edition, FIFA Technical Expert Rob Csabai demonstrates how coaches can structure their sessions more effectively by layering information — a strategy that promotes clarity, reduces cognitive overload, and supports deeper learning.

Coaching Competency Framework

Layering information is part of a broader set of coaching competencies that underpin effective training. These competencies are organised into five key domains:

Each article in the series links to one or more of these competencies. This article focuses on Instruction and Intervention, specifically the technique of layering information to structure learning more effectively.

Why layering information matters

Training tasks are often complex, involving multiple decisions, coordinated actions, and interdependent roles. Providing too much information too early can overwhelm players. Layering helps by breaking down complex tasks into manageable parts and building understanding step by step.

This can involve starting with a simplified version of the task and gradually increasing complexity, or — as in our video example — coaching positional roles and responsibilities sequentially.

The benefits of layering:

Lower cognitive load in the early stages
Improved focus on key concepts
Easier recognition and correction of errors
More space for reflection and adjustment
Stronger integration of tactical and technical knowledge over time

It also supports better timing of feedback: once the players demonstrate understanding, the coach introduces the next layer — building understanding and confidence as the session evolves.

Example: Building a team press, step by step

The featured training session focuses on developing an organised team press. Rather than introducing every positional responsibility at once, the coach builds the press in deliberate layers:

Layer 1

First, the central forward is coached to stay between the opposing centre backs and avoid chasing the ball — establishing the first line of the press.

Layer 2

Next, the coach informs the centre-forward what to do if the ball bypasses them: stay active and transition.

Layer 3

Then, the focus shifts to the outside midfielders, who are taught how to press their centre back while cutting off their direct opponent.

Layer 4

After that, the coach adds a tactical cue — interpreting the goalkeeper’s signals for short or long distribution.

Layer 5

Next, the central midfielders learn to block central progression by closing passing lanes and protecting space.

Layer 6

Finally, the defensive line is addressed, with players adjusting their positioning based on pressure on the ball.

This progression ensures each player group receives focused attention, with time to understand and apply their role before the next layer is introduced. The result is a cohesive, well-structured team tactic.

Coaching isn’t one-size-fits-all

While layering is powerful, no single method works best in every situation. Coaches must match their approach to the learning objective, the players’ developmental stage, and the environment they’re working in.

For example, there are times when a more open or player-centred method may be more appropriate — especially when the aim is to let players discover solutions independently or to simulate match pressure. In contrast, layering is especially useful when:

The task is tactically complex and involves interdependent roles (like a coordinated press).
Individual clarity is a priority — ensuring each player understands their specific responsibilities.
The coach wants to observe, reinforce, and refine before progressing.
Players need support in building confidence before executing as a unit.

Could you apply this?

By reflecting in this way, you can start to integrate this competency into your planning process — using layering not as a rigid formula, but as a strategic choice to structure learning effectively.